Created By : Wira Sandy Baihaqi
A.PENGERTIAN FUNGI ( JAMUR )
Fungi(jamur)
adalah organisme eukariotik yang bersel tunggal atau banyak dengan
tidak memiliki klorofil. Sel jamur memiliki dinding yang tersusun atas
kitin. Karena sifat-sifatnya tersebut dalam klasifikasi makhluk hidup, Jamur dipisahkan dalam kingdom nya tesendiri,ia tidak termasuk dalam kindom protista,monera,
maupun plantae. Karena tidak berklorofil, jamur temasuk ke dalam
makhluk hidup heterotof (memperoleh makanan dari organisme lainnya),
dalam hal ini jamur hidup dengan jalan menguraikan bahan-bahan organik
yang ada di lingkungannya. Umumnya jamur hidup secara saprofit (hidup
dengan menguai sampah oganik seperti bankai menjadi bahan anoganik). Ada
juga jamur yang hidup secara parasit (memperoleh bahan organik dari
inangnya), adapula yang hidup dengan simbiosis mutualisme(yaitu hidup
dengan organisme lain agar sama-sama mendapatkan untung).
Fungi ( Jamur ) |
B.REPODUKSI FUNGI (JAMUR)
Seperti
yang telah saya jelaskan tadi sahabat, jamur terbagi atas dua, yaitu
uniseluler(besel tunggal) dan multiseluler), nah keduanya ini memiliki
cara berkembang biak yang berbeda.
Jamur
uniseluler berkembangbiak secara aseksual dengan membentuk tunas, dan
secara seksual dengan membentuk spora askus. Sedangkan jamur
multiseluler yang terbentuk dari rangkaian sel membentukbenang seperti
kapas, yang disebut benang hifa. Dalam perkembangbiakkannya secara
aseksual ia memutuskan benang hifa (fragmentasi), membentuk spora
aseksual yaitu zoospora, endospora, dan konidia. Secara seksual melalui
pelebuan anatara inti jantan dan inti bentina sehingga terbentuk spora
askus atau spora sidium.
Zoospora
atau spora kembara adalah spoa yang dapat bergerak di dalam air dengan
menggunakan flagela. Jadi jamur penghasil zoospora biasanya hidup di
lingkungan yang lembab atau berair.
Endospora
adalah spoa yang dihasilkan oleh sel dan spora tetap tinggal di dalam
sel tesebut, hingga kondisi memungkinkan untuk tumbuh.
Spora
askus atau askospora adalah spora yang dihasilkan melalui perkawinan
jamur ascomycota. Askospora terdapat dalam askus, biasanya berjumlah 8
spora. Spora yang dihasilkan dari perkawinan kelompok jamur Basidimycota
disebut basidispora. Basidispoa terdapat di dalam basidium, dan
biasanya berjumlah empat spora.
Konidia
adalah spora yang dihasilkan dengan jalan membentuk sekat melintang
pada ujung hifa atau dengan diferensiasi hingga terbentuk banyak
konidia. Jika telah masak konidia paling ujung dapat melepaskan diri.
English Translate
A. DEFINITIONS FUNGI (MUSHROOMS)
Fungi (mushrooms) is a single-celled eukaryotic organisms or lots with no chlorophyll. Fungal cells have a wall composed of chitin. Because of its properties are in the classification of living organisms, Mushrooms tesendiri separated in his kingdom, he is not included in the kindom protists, monera, and Plantae. Because lacking chlorophyll, including the mushrooms into living beings heterotroph (obtaining food from other organisms), in this case the fungus lives by outlining the organic materials in the environment. Generally fungi live saprophytic (living with garbage menguai oganik like bankai be material anoganik). There are also fungi that live as parasites (organic material obtained from its host), those that live with symbiotic mutualism (ie living with other organisms that together make a profit).
Fungi (Fungi)
B.REPRODUCTION FUNGI (MUSHROOMS)
As I have explained earlier companions, the mushroom is divided into two, namely unicellular (single bezel) and multicellular), now both of these have a way different breed.Unicellular fungus reproduce asexually by forming buds, and sexually by forming spores the ascus. While multicellular fungi that formed from a series of membentukbenang cells such as cotton, yarn called hyphae. In perkembangbiakkannya asexually he decided thread hyphae (fragmentation), asexual spores that form zoospores, endospores, and conidia. Sexually through pelebuan anatara male core and core bentina to form spores or spore ascus sidium.
Zoospores or spores wanderer is spoa that can move in the water by using flagella. So-producing fungus zoospores usually live in humid or watery.Spoa endospores are produced by the cells and spores remain in the cell proficiency level, until conditions permit it to grow.
Ascospores ascus spores or spores that are produced by fungi Ascomycota marriage. Ascospores contained in the ascus, usually amounts to 8 spores. Spores resulting from the marriage group of fungi called basidispora Basidimycota. Basidispoa contained in basidium, and usually amounts to four spores.
Conidia are spores produced by forming transverse bulkhead at the end of hyphae or differentiation to form many conidia. If ripe conidia most tip can escape.
Fungi (mushrooms) is a single-celled eukaryotic organisms or lots with no chlorophyll. Fungal cells have a wall composed of chitin. Because of its properties are in the classification of living organisms, Mushrooms tesendiri separated in his kingdom, he is not included in the kindom protists, monera, and Plantae. Because lacking chlorophyll, including the mushrooms into living beings heterotroph (obtaining food from other organisms), in this case the fungus lives by outlining the organic materials in the environment. Generally fungi live saprophytic (living with garbage menguai oganik like bankai be material anoganik). There are also fungi that live as parasites (organic material obtained from its host), those that live with symbiotic mutualism (ie living with other organisms that together make a profit).
Fungi (Fungi)
B.REPRODUCTION FUNGI (MUSHROOMS)
As I have explained earlier companions, the mushroom is divided into two, namely unicellular (single bezel) and multicellular), now both of these have a way different breed.Unicellular fungus reproduce asexually by forming buds, and sexually by forming spores the ascus. While multicellular fungi that formed from a series of membentukbenang cells such as cotton, yarn called hyphae. In perkembangbiakkannya asexually he decided thread hyphae (fragmentation), asexual spores that form zoospores, endospores, and conidia. Sexually through pelebuan anatara male core and core bentina to form spores or spore ascus sidium.
Zoospores or spores wanderer is spoa that can move in the water by using flagella. So-producing fungus zoospores usually live in humid or watery.Spoa endospores are produced by the cells and spores remain in the cell proficiency level, until conditions permit it to grow.
Ascospores ascus spores or spores that are produced by fungi Ascomycota marriage. Ascospores contained in the ascus, usually amounts to 8 spores. Spores resulting from the marriage group of fungi called basidispora Basidimycota. Basidispoa contained in basidium, and usually amounts to four spores.
Conidia are spores produced by forming transverse bulkhead at the end of hyphae or differentiation to form many conidia. If ripe conidia most tip can escape.
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